概述
- 启动 docker 服务
- 帮助命令
# 显示 docker 的系统信息
docker info
# 帮助命令
docker 命令 --help
- 镜像命令
# 查看所有本地主机上的所有镜像
# REPOSITORY: 镜像的仓库源
# TAG: 镜像的标签
# IMAGE ID: 镜像的ID
docker images
# docker images命令的可选项:
# -a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
# --digests Show digests
# -f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
# --format string Pretty-print images using a Go template
# --no-trunc Don't truncate output
# -q, --quiet Only show image IDs
docker images -a
- 查看镜像变更历史
- 下载镜像
# 下载镜像
docker pull
# docker pull命令的可选项:
# Options:
# -a, --all-tags Download all tagged images in the repository
# --disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
# --platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
# -q, --quiet Suppress verbose output
- 删除镜像
# 删除镜像
docker rmi 镜像名称或镜像ID
# docker rmi命令的可选项
# Options:
# -f, --force Force removal of the image
# --no-prune Do not delete untagged parents
- 容器命令
# 新建容器并启动
docker run [可选参数] image
# docker run命令的可选项
Options:
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
-a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
--blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
--cap-add list Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private)
'host': Run the container in the Docker host's cgroup namespace
'private': Run the container in its own private cgroup namespace
'': Use the cgroup namespace as configured by the
default-cgroupns-mode option on the daemon (default)
--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--device list Add a host device to the container
--device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
--device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
--device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
--device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--dns list Set custom DNS servers
--dns-option list Set DNS options
--dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains
--domainname string Container NIS domain name
--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
--expose list Expose a port or a range of ports
--gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to pass all GPUs)
--group-add list Add additional groups to join
--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--help Print usage
-h, --hostname string Container host name
--init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
--ipc string IPC mode to use
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-l, --label list Set meta data on a container
--label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link list Add link to another container
--link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
--log-opt list Log driver options
--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1)
--mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
--name string Assign a name to the container
--network network Connect a container to a network
--network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container
--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
--oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
--pid string PID namespace to use
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
-p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
--pull string Pull image before running ("always"|"missing"|"never") (default "missing")
--read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no")
--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
--security-opt list Security Options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
--sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true)
--stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM")
--stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
--storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container
--sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--userns string User namespace to use
--uts string UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume list Bind mount a volume
--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
--volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
- 查看容器元数据
docker container inspect 容器ID
- 使用 ubuntu 镜像新建一个容器,参数为以命令行模式进入该容器.
docker run -it ubuntu /bin/bash
- 从容器拷贝文件到主机
docker cp 容器ID:容器内文件路径 主机路径
- 启动容器与停止容器
# 启动容器
docker start 容器ID
# 重启容器
docker restart 容器ID
# 停止容器
docker stop 容器ID
#杀死容器
docker kill 容器ID
- 退出容器
# 容器停止并退出
exit
# 容器不停止退出
ctrl+P+Q
- 进入当前正在运行的容器
#以打开新终端的方式进入容器
docker exec -it 容器ID /bin/bash
# docker exec命令可选项
Options:
-d, --detach Detached mode: run command in the background
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--privileged Give extended privileges to the command
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
# 以进入正在执行的终端进入容器
docker attach 容器ID
# docker attach命令可选项
Options:
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--no-stdin Do not attach STDIN
--sig-proxy Proxy all received signals to the process (default true)
- 从容器内拷贝文件到主机
docker cp 容器ID:容器内文件路径 主机文件路径
# docker cp命令可选项
Options:
-a, --archive Archive mode (copy all uid/gid information)
-L, --follow-link Always follow symbol link in SRC_PATH
- 容器间数据文件同步
docker run -it --name 容器名1 --volumes-from 容器名2
- 删除容器
# 删除容器
docker rm 容器ID
# docker rm命令可选项
Options:
-f, --force Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
-l, --link Remove the specified link
-v, --volumes Remove anonymous volumes associated with the container
- 列出所有运行的容器
# 列出所有运行的容器
docker ps
# docker ps命令可选项
Options:
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print containers using a Go template
-n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
-l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only display container IDs
-s, --size Display total file sizes
- 发布镜像
# 登录 dockerhub
docker login
＃ 发布镜像
docker push 作者名/镜像名:Tag标签
docker 更新容器
docker-compose down
docker-compose pull
docker-compose up -d
# prune 命令用来删除不再使用的 docker 对象。删除所有未被 tag 标记和未被容器使用的镜像.
docker image prune
docker 卸载容器
# 停止容器，此时不会删除映射到本地的数据
docker stop 容器名或者容器ID
# 删除容器
docker rm -f 容器名或者容器ID
# 删除容器镜像
docker rmi 容器镜像
# 完全删除映射到本地的数据
rm -rf 容器目录